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Definitions of Innovation
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innovation
Innovation is the introduction of new ideas, goods, services, and practices, which are intended to be useful (though a number of unsuccessful innovations can be found throughout history). The main driver for innovation is often the courage and energy to better the world. An essential element for innovation is its application in a commercially successful way. Innovation has punctuated and changed human history (consider the development of electricity, steam engines, motor vehicles, et al). ...

www.business.gov/phases/launching/are_you_ready/glossary.html
Introduction of a new idea into the marketplace in the form of a new product or service or an improvement in organization or process.

www.shapetomorrow.com/resources/i.html
A new idea, method or device. The act of creating a new product or process. The act includes invention as well as the work required to bring an idea or concept into final form. See: Attractive, Cost-Effective, Sundberg-Ferar Mission Statement, Competitive Advantage.

www.scottish-enterprise.com/sedotcom_home/help/help-glossary.htm
Creating value out of new ideas, new products, new services or new ways of doing things.

grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/instructions2/p3_definitions.htm
Something new or improved, including research for (1) development of new technologies, (2) refinement of existing technologies, or (3) development of new applications for existing technologies. For the purposes of PHS programs, an example of "innovation" would be new medical or biological products for improved value, efficiency, or costs.

http://www.futureofinnovation.org/PDF/Benchmarks.pdf
Task Force on the Future of American Innovation, The Knowledge Economy: Is the United States Losing its Competitive Edge? 2005

guide.stanford.edu/TTran/Air/glossary.html
A novel, beneficial change in art or practice.

www-personal.umich.edu/~alandear/glossary/i.html
The creation or introduction of something new, especially a new product or a new way of producing something.

www.abheritage.ca/abinvents/glossary.htm
To introduce something new.

www.smartstate.qld.gov.au/strategy/strategy05_15/glossary.shtm
Is the process of converting knowledge and ideas into better ways of doing business or into new or improved products and services that are valued by the community? The innovation process incorporates research and development, commercialization and technology diffusion.

www.innovation.sa.gov.au/sti/a8_publish/modules/publish/content.asp
The application of ideas that are new, regardless of whether the new ideas are embodied in products, processes or services, or in work organization, management or marketing systems.

www.silcom.com/~barnowl/chain-letter/glossary.htm
An intentional change to a chain letter. May be a modification, addition or deletion. Often one judged to have a significant positive effect on propagation.

www.economicadventure.org/teachers/glossary_dec.cfm
The act of introducing something new and significantly different.

www.mywhatever.com/cifwriter/content/66/4620.html
a newly introduced practice or method intended to improve the current practice

www.digitalstrategy.govt.nz/templates/Page60.aspx
The creation, development and implementation of a new product, process or service, with the aim of improving efficiency, effectiveness or competitive advantage. Innovation may apply to products, services, manufacturing processes, managerial processes or the design of an organization. It is most often viewed at a product or process level, where product innovation satisfies a customer's needs and process innovation improves efficiency and effectiveness. ...

farahsouth.cgu.edu/dictionary/
The process of adopting a new thing, idea, or behavior pattern into a culture.

wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/213/218150/glossary.html
Covers incremental and/or step (breakthrough) changes in products and/or processes which change function, form, performance or resource use in an advantageous way.

oregonstate.edu/instruct/anth370/gloss.html
Introducing an object as if it were new.

www.indiainfoline.com/fmcg/bran/ch05.html
Innovative features are constantly added to their models. The most imaginative of these was in field of television; multilingual screen display (the menu appears on the screen in five Indian languages)

www.logisticsfocus.com/Glossary/glossary-i.asp
A new idea, method or device. One of the most overused nouns in the business vocabulary today. (With all of this innovation going on, why aren't more people satisfied with their logistics operations?) We are counting the days until we hear the buzzword "re-innovation."

www.balfourassociates.co.uk/new/jargon_defns.htm
The term innovation means different things to different organizations. The SIGMA Project views innovation from a number of different perspectives and has identified several key drivers of its successful implementation:

The outcome of innovation activities; innovativeness amounts to the ability to create something new and useful or generate sound renewals and changes, and action that utilize this ability.
www.finnevo.fi/eng/contents/iso9000_terms.htm

www.ee.wits.ac.za/~ecsa/gen/g-04.htm
Is an evolutionary process of increasing the capability to apply a technology, applying in new contexts, expanding the capability of a technology for improving the capability of a product.

www.nursing.ualberta.ca/kusp/RUStudy2/Glossary.htm
"An idea, practice, or object that is perceived as new by an individual or other unit of adoption" (Rogers, 1995, p. 11). An innovation is a more focused concept than research and usually implies that the research has been translated in some way into a concrete form. An innovation is not necessarily research-based.

enbv.narod.ru/text/Econom/ib/str/261.html
Development of new products, processes, organizations, management practices, and strategies.

www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/curr_content/entre30/helppages/glossary/glossary.html
Innovation is creating something that others want. Intrapreneurship "Intra" means within, thus intrapreneurship means planting the spirit of entrepreneurship within an organization. Invention Inventions are things made for the first time. Market The market is the place where buyers (demanders) meet sellers (suppliers) to determine how much of something will be sold at what price. Opportunity Opportunities occur when:

Definitions of process innovation:
media.pearsoncmg.com/intl/ema/ema_uk_he_lipczynski_indorg_2/0273688073_glossary.html
The commercial application of a new piece of cost-saving technology.

college.hmco.com/business/griffin/management/7e/students/glossary/ch13.html
A change in the way a product or service is manufactured, created, or distributed

www.wiley.co.uk/college/turban/glossary.html
Is an approach in business process reengineering by which radical changes are made through innovations.

Definitions of innovation system:
www.et.teiath.gr/tempus/glossary.asp
The local, regional or national environment for innovative activity - in addition to companies it includes a research base, an innovation finance mechanism, business support services and schemes, and the networks through which these components interact

www.idrc.ca/lacro/ev-85104-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html
The conception of innovation has changed drastically over the last forty years. During the 1950s, innovation was considered as a discrete event resulting from knowledge developed by isolated inventors and isolated researchers. Today, successful innovation is considered as the result of a process of interaction and exchange of knowledge involving a large diversity of actors in situations of interdependence. ...

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innovation_system/business/griffin/management/7e/students/glossary/ch13.html
An innovation system is the flow of technology and information among people, enterprises and institutions that is key to an innovative process. It contains the interaction between the actors who are needed in order to turn an idea into a process, product or service on the market. According to innovation system theory, innovation and technology development are results of a complex set of relationships among actors in the system, which includes enterprises, universities and research institutes.

http://cordis.europa.edu/innovation/en/home.html
The web-site contains information on innovation in the framework programme of the European Union, innovation policy in Europe, innovation services in the European Union, innovation studies etc.

http://ideas.repec.org/p/aug/augsbe/0254.html
This is a Paper on recent trends in research on National Innovation Systems and gives an overview of developments in the area.

http://www.druid.dk/conferences/summer2005/papers/ds2005-423.pdf
The web-site gives a complete conceptual perspective on the history and development of the National Innovation Systems.

http://www.oecd.org
The web site gives assessment of how science, technology, innovation and education policies can effectively contribute to sustainable economic growth. It discusses National Innovation Systems and related issues. The first version of Oslo Manual and the surveys undertaken, guidelines for collecting and interpreting technological innovation data etc. are also assessable.
www.oecd.org/dataoecd/37/34/33705586.pdf
This report benchmarks innovation and innovation policy across 27 OECD countries. In the future, innovation and innovation diffusion will be even more critical to the economic and social progress of advanced industrialized countries, highlighting the need for building comprehensive methodologies in measuring innovation and innovation performance across the OECD. The analysis presented in this report is based on two assumptions: 1) that government initiatives have a significant impact on innovation activity and 2) that methodology can be applied to compare micro-policies in selected countries and provide policy-direction at the individual country level. The report identifies a group of 7 countries as leaders in innovation performance: Sweden, Switzerland, Japan, Finland, the US, Germany and the Netherlands.

http://ideas.repec.org/p/aug/augsbe/0238.html
Recent contributions to the literature of national innovation systems (NIS) reflect growing research interests in cross-country comparisons, in particular so in performance comparisons across national innovation systems. Although such comparisons differ significantly in terms of methodological aspects, most of them are labeled as benchmarking studies. But not only the use of this technical term can be problematical; the very task of comparing NIS is now under debate as well. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss the usefulness of benchmarking studies carried out within the framework of national innovation systems (NIS benchmarking).

http://www.oecd.org/document/7/0,2340,en_2649_201185_35995079_1_1_1_1,00.html
This provides an overview of the progress achieved by OECD member countries in taking measures consistent with the priorities identified in the 2005 edition on innovation indicators. It also extends the scope of performance and policy indicators to the area of innovation.

http://trendchart.cordis.lu/tc_innovation_scoreboard.cfm
The "European Innovation Scoreboard" is the main statistical tool of the "European Trend Chart on Innovation". It is developed by the European Commission as requested by the Lisbon Council in March 2000. An Annual European Innovation Scoreboard has been produced since 2001 providing an invaluable reference point for innovation policy makers and analysts across Europe. The "European Innovation Scoreboard" brings together a set of commented indicators under four categories:

• * Human resources
• * Creation of new knowledge
• * Transmission and application of knowledge
• * Innovation finance, outputs and markets

http://www.oecd.org/document/43/0,2340,en_2649_33703_35455595_1_1_1_1,00.html
The OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2005 brings together over 200 figures, many of which are new, to help examine emerging policy issues, including the international mobility of researchers and scientists, the increasing pace of innovation as measured by patenting, the growth of the information economy, the changing role of multinational enterprises, new patterns in trade competitiveness, and the emergence of key international players outside the OECD area.

http://ideas.repec.org/a/taf/irapec/v16y2002i3p277-293.html
This paper on diversity of innovation in Europe uses data from the second 'Community Innovation Survey', from the 'New Cronos' database, to analyze a range of determinants and outcomes of innovation in Europe, across 13 countries and a range of industries. Regression and cluster analysis are used to test for the significance of the various relationships. National Systems of Innovation are found to be of continued importance. Even when the performance of a firm is more likely to be linked to the performance of the sector in which it is operating, its strategies--such as over cooperation with other companies--are influenced more by the national system of innovation within which it operates, than any 'sectoral' system.

http://www.oecd.org/document/16/0,2340,en_2649_34269_36179216_1_1_1_1,00.html
Innovation in energy technology is becoming increasingly important to meet growing demand for energy amidst concern about the security of energy supplies and calls for greater environmental protection. Governments across the OECD are investing considerable sums in R&D on new energy technologies, such as fuel cells, and seeking ways to speed their deployment and smooth the transition to a more sustainable, hydrogen-based economy. What steps are they taking? What lessons can be learned from the experiences of other countries? How do energy innovation systems differ among countries and how can policy account for such differences?
http://www.oecd.org/document/52/0,2340,en_2649_34409_34537140_1_1_1_1,00.html
The 2005 edition of Research and Development Statistics (RDS) provides a wide range of recent data on the resources devoted to R&D in all OECD countries. The statistical series start from 1981 and cover, inter alia, expenditures by source of funds, type of costs, R&D personnel by occupation and level of qualification. Data are detailed at national level by performance sector, for enterprises by industry, and for higher education and private non-profit by field of science. This edition also provides time series on female R&D personnel and total R&D personnel in headcount for years 1990 onward.

http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/55/41/2541004.pdf
In this paper, the manufacturing census longitudinal dataset is used for analysis of SME innovation policy in Japan. SME policy is in the process of major transformation, which takes into account the greater and greater growth potential of SMEs and treats them as a source of industrial dynamism for the Japanese economy. By establishment-level micro-data, it is confirmed that small and young plants have greater potentiality for growth, but it is also shown that volatility of growth rate is high for small establishments. In this sense, the focus of SME policy should be put on supporting SMEs, so that they do not fall out of the growth path and are able to realize their growth potential.

http://www.oecd.org/document/26/0,2340,en_2649_201185_1901082_1_1_1_1,00.html
This biannual publication provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of the efforts undertaken by OECD Member countries and nine non-member economies (Argentina, China, Israel, Romania, Russian Federation, Singapore, Slovenia, South Africa, Chinese Taipei) in the field of science and technology. These data include final or provisional results as well as forecasts established by government authorities. The indicators cover the resources devoted to research and development, patent families, technology balance of payments and international trade in highly R&D-intensive industries.